Introduction To Linux

I Introduction To Linux     Linux is an operating system , the software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals .   It is free to use and it’s a open source software.    This is same as your windows environment but that will be new to most of you.  So try this ..That will tend you to think and explore the things in much easier way. Get use to use Linux .      So this blog post is a simple helping hand for the beginners  of Linux .   There are many versions of Linux but as a beginner I prefer you to be ready with Ubuntu.                   Introduction to Linux

  This is a preview of basic Linux desktop environment.

Ø  This is a preview of basic Linux command terminal. We can get it by simply typing Ctrl+alt+T .

Ø  Linux mainly deals with command line inputs so get use to it . That is the major difference a windows user may feel when its shifted from windows to linux

                                                                                                                                                                                    

                         Why we use Linux ?

·        Because it's free. (No commercial licenses, no payments, no piracy)

·        You can customize it to look like whatever the way you want.

·        Worlds best and powerful computers run Linux.

·        It's powerful than any other operating system out there

 Become a power user with the Shell (terminal)

 You can do virtually anything

Some Tips….. Might be useful when using and installing Linux

·        Always install LTS versions of Ubuntu. They are more matured and

bug free

·        Select a distribution which has more support and a larger user base.

·        Use the terminal as much as possible. Leave it only when it is highly

Necessary

NB: Here in this blogpost I am not going to give steps of installing Ubuntu/Linux on to your machine. Hope you have already install it to your machine. If that not so please install or try Ubuntu with your machine .

       Ways to install applications on Ubuntu/Linux

 There are few ways to install an application to Linux.

·        use of apt-get command

·        use of ubuntu software center

·        use of source code compilation

·        using .deb files

Use of apt-get command  is the most reliable and best way to install applications on Ubuntu Linux.

Here simply  you can follow these steps :

·        You can update and upgrade existing applications first

 sudo apt-get update

 sudo apt-get upgrade

·        Search for an application in repositories

 apt-cache search with the application name

 sudo apt-get install with the application name 
use man to learn about the already installed application

So as proud Linux user use the command terminal to do your stuffs always ….get use to it….practice it as a good programming practice.

I prefer this way .. But there are much easy ways as well as in windows environment.

    Installing using Ubuntu Software Center

·        You can install software using this graphcal tool.

·        Search in the search box and click install.

·        Some applications available using apt-get may not be available in this tool.

·        another good graphical tool is availablee called Synaptic Package Manager

I think it is much about installing .. Lets move to another part in this Linux guide .

It is about using Command Line Interface or Terminal.

Basic Linux Commands

Practice These Basic Commands using the terminal

·         pwd: Show current directory

Example: \pwd" in the Desktop directory will show “/Desktop". Here the indicates the home directory.

·         ls: List the files in your current directory (ls -l: List files in current directory using long format)

·         cd: Change directory

To move around the _le system you will use \cd". Examples:

To navigate into the root directory, use \cd /"

To navigate to your home directory, use \cd" or \cd "

To navigate up one directory level, use \cd .."

To navigate to the previous directory (or back), use \cd -"

To navigate through multiple levels of directory at once, specify the full directory

path that you want to go to. For example, use, \cd /var/www" to go directly

to the /www subdirectory of /var/. As another example, \cd /Desktop" will

move you to the Desktop subdirectory inside your home directory.

·       cp file1 file2: Copy file1 to file2

If you are copying a directory, you must use \cp -r directory foo" (copy recursively).

cp file /home/dirname Copy the filename called file to the /home/dirname directory

·        mkdir dir: Create a directory dir

rm name: Remove a file or directory called name

rm -r dir: Delete directory dir

rm -f file: Force remove file

rm -rf dir: Force remove an entire directory dir and all its included files and subdirectories

·        vi: Create a file

·        touch file: Create or update file

·        mv file /home/dirname: Move the file called filename to the /home/dirname

directory

·        mv file1 file2: Rename or move file1 to file2; if file2 is an existing directory, moves

file1 into directory file2

·        cat file: Display the file called file

·        more file: Display the file called file one page at a time, proceed to next page using the spacebar

·        chmod: Change permissions of a file

chmod 777 file: Give read, write, execute for all for “file"

chmod 755 file: Give rwx for owner, rx for group and world for “file"

·        apropos subject: List manual pages for subject

·    man command: Show the manual page for command